Difference between Dicot and Monocot Root: What’s the Difference?

calendarJan 2, 2023 · 2 min read  ·
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Main Difference

Both, monocot and dicot roots belong to plants. The main difference between dicot and monocot root is, dicot toot contains xylem in the center and phloem surrounding it. While on the contrary, monocot root contain xylem and phloem in an alternate manner, forming a circle. The roots of monocot are fibrous while that of dicot are tap roots.

Dicot Root

Dicot root has has xylem in the shape of ‘X’ which is surrounded by phloem. Moreover, it has got tap roots. In a dicot root, the number of xylem and phloem is constant. Vessels of xylem are angular or polygonal in shape, when we cut it in transverse section. Conjunctive tissue in a dicot root is parenchymatous, which forms vascular cambium.

Monocot Root

Monocot root has xylem and phloem in an alternating manner. Moreover, it has got fibrous roots. Xylem and phloem are numerous in number in a monocot root. The vessels of xylem are rounded or oval. Conjunctive tissue in a monocot root is mostly sclerenchymatous, sometimes it could be parenchymatous as well.

Key Differences

  • In a dicot root, the number of xylem and phloem is constant while in a monocot, they are numerous in number.
  • Pith is absent or very small in a dicot root while it is large and well developed in a monocot root.
  • Secondary growth occurs in a dicot root but not in a monocot root.
  • The cortex of  a monocot root is wide while that of a dicot root is narrow.
  • Xylem vessels are rounded in a monocot root and angular in a dicot root.

Video Explanation

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